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Cell Phone Signal Boosters: All Of The Pieces Explained

Cell phone signal boosters, also called amplifiers or repeaters, work by capturing a weak cell signal outside the home, office, car, boat, warehouse, etc, bring it inside, amplify it, and redistribute it. The most popular products on the market contain four main components: the outside antenna, the amplifier (booster / repeater),the inside antenna, and the cabling to connect everything.

The Outside Antenna

The outside antenna can be omni-directional (can capture signal from all directions) or directional (works best when pointed directly at a cell tower). The benefit to omni-directional antennas is that they are easy to install and pick up/radiate signals in a 360 degree horizontal plane. They are great for picking up and transmitting to multiple towers for multiple carriers. You want to mount them as high as possible where the signal is strongest. A couple disadvantages of omni-directional antennas: 1) their gain is typically lower than directional antennas. 2) They are more prone to other RF interference. TheCellphone-Mate CM100-Sis a good example of a popular omni-directional outdoor antenna.

The benefit to directional antennas (Yagi antennas) is that they typically provide more signal gain (power) than omni-directional antennas. They are also less prone to other RF interference. Because they provide more gain, the tower can typically be much further away than is acceptable for an omni-directional antenna. The Wilson 304411 Wide Band Yagi is a good example of a popular directional outdoor antenna.

The Amplifier

Just about every amplifier (or booster) will have two values that basically define it. The first is "band". Most amplifiers are classified as single band or dual band. With the exception of iDEN (Nextel), single band refers to either 850 MHz or 1900 MHz, meaning that the amplifier only boosts one of those two frequency ranges. Dual band on the other hand will boost both frequency ranges. While there are certainly reasons for purchasing a signal band booster, dual band boosters are more common and compatible with just about every carrier.

The second value is gain and just about every signal amplifier will have this specification published. Without getting too technical, gain is defined as the ratio of output to input. When specifying electrical power, gain is measured in decibels or dB. dB numbers are derived from a fairly simple logarithmic function; however all you need to know is that every increase in 3 dB doubles the power.

10 dB = gain of 10
13 dB = gain of 20
16 dB = gain of 40
19 dB = gain of 80
20 dB = gain of 100
30 dB = gain of 1,000
40 dB = gain of 10,000
50 dB = gain of 100,000
60 dB = gain of 1,000,000

If you have been shopping around for a cell phone signal booster then you have probably come across these numbers and were not sure exactly what they meant. Now, hopefully you have a better understanding.

When searching for an amplifier for your particular application, please reference the following:

20 dB - Automobile, Boat - 4ft. antenna separation or direct connect

30 dB - Automobile, Boat - 5ft. antenna separation or direct connect

40-45 dB - Large Auto, RV, Large Boat - 6ft. to 20ft. antenna separation

50 dB - Small Home, Townhouse, Office - 40ft. to 60ft. antenna separation

55 dB - Medium Home, Office - 50ft. to 70ft. antenna separation

60+ dB - Large Home, Office, Warehouse - 70+ft. antenna separation

Please keep in mind that this table represents general rules of thumb and the recommended applications and distances may vary by manufacturer. Antenna separation is very important and should not be overlooked when choosing or designing your system. Antenna separation is the straight line distance (in 3 dimensions) from the outside antenna to the inside antenna. In practice, these distances can be somewhat shorter than the rule-of-thumb distances listed above due to ceilings, walls, fireplaces, metal roofs, brick fireplaces, etc. blocking or inhibiting a straight-line signal path. The rule of thumb antenna separation distances are to keep your amplifier from going to oscillation. In the audio world, this is analogous to getting a microphone too close to a speaker and producing feedback.

The Inside Antenna

Inside antennas, just like outside antennas, come in different shapes and sizes, serve different purposed and can be omni-directional or directional. A lot of the products from Wireless Extenders (Wi-Ex) have a small omni-directional antenna attached to the amplifier itself. While this makes installation fairly simple, the unit must become part of your home dcor as it must be installed in a central location and will be visible. Most in-building products from manufacturers such as Cellphone-Mate, Digital Antenna, and Wilson Electronics will have a separately mounted internal antenna.This may sometimes make them more difficult to install, but having a separate indoor antenna allows for the most flexibility when choosing a central coverage point. The most popular antenna for providing omni-directional internal coverage is the ceiling-mounted dome antenna, such as the Cellphone-Mate, Inc. CM222. They even make low-profile dome antennas and even dome antennas which resemble light fixtures, which are less obtrusive and mesh well with any home dcor.

Inside antennas can be directional as well. Wall-mounted panel antennas provide directional coverage in typically a 90-120 degree radiation pattern. While coverage is only provided pretty much in front of a directional antenna they usually offer more gain than a dome antenna. With that being said, panel antennas are great for large but somewhat narrow rooms or hallways. They are also useful if you are not able to fully adhere to the antenna separation requirements. If the indoor directional antenna is pointed away from the outdoor antenna you will most likely be able to get away with a less than recommended antenna separation distance.

The Cabling

The cabling and connectors used to connect the outside antenna to the amplifier, as well as the inside antenna to the amplifier, play a crucial role in how your system will perform. Depending on the product, different types of cabling and connectors can be used. Some of the Wi-Ex and Wilson Electronics products use standard RG6 or RG59 75 Ohm coax. This is the same coax used for your cable TV or satellite system. While this type of cabling is less expensive, there are some drawbacks. For cellular and PCS frequencies, on average, RG6 will lose 6-10 dB of signal per 100ft.Depending on the actual length of cable you use, this can sometimes provide more signal loss than the outside antenna provides in gain. Remember, you want your amplifier to receive the highest level of signal possible. For this reason, it is recommended that runs using RG6 should be no longer than 50 or 60 ft. For most other in-building cell phone signal boosters LMR-400 50 Ohm Coax is the standard. In comparison, while LMR-400 is more expensive and thicker, it only loses about 3-6 dB per 100 ft for cellular and PCS frequencies respectively. Based on this, LMR-400 can be run further than RG6 before there is a decrease in system performance. For all three-piece systems (outside antenna, amplifier, inside antenna) it is recommended the amplifier be installed as close to the external antenna as possible, using the shortest cable possible. Ex. If the external antenna is installed on a roof, it is recommended the amplifier be installed in the attic as opposed to the basement. The shorter the cable length between the external antenna and the amplifier, the better. Remember that there is no separation requirement between the antennas and the amplifier, only between the antennas.

Thinking about purchasing a cell phone signal booster? Please check out the author resource box for more information.

About the Author

Article provided by Ryan Jackson, owner of
MyCellSignalBooster.Com
, a store dedicated to providing high quality and affordable
cell phone signal boosters and accessories
from manufacturers such as Wi-Ex, Digital Antenna, Cellphone-Mate, and Wilson Electronics.

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Jack to USB cable with Analog-Digital converter PC MAC $47.9 The DJ-Tech USB-to-Jack is a smart jack to USB cable with a wide variety of uses. With this Jack to USB cable you are able to convert analog signal to audio signal from electric guitars, electric bass, and line equipment of all kinds via your computer. It can prove very helpful in the practice room to record MP3 ideas and to send them via mail to band members, or to dump a DJ set after a gig to a website. The 5-meter cable provides sufficient set up options and freedom of movement on stage and in the rehearsal room. The DJ-Tech Jack-to-USB is plug and play compatible for Windows PCs and MAC computers, and the included software Magix Music Maker SE supports efficient recording and editing of the tracks.

Auna 2.4 GHz Wireless Stereo Headphones - 30 meter range $64.9 The Auna DHP380A is a comfortable set of wireless headphones, which extends the range freedom and movement for anyone using them. The headphones can take the signal of any sound source - such as a stereo, computer, or an amplifier - and transmit through walls and into rooms. They run on a 2.4GHz radio signal and can achieve a distance of up to 30 meters. Lack of a cable not only increases the range of motion, but also allows for more comfortable posture and the execution of complex movements. The headphones are especially perfect as a companion for training, learning vocabulary, or for daily tasks around the home. The battery life of the Auna wireless headphones is sufficiently long. Recharging is easily performed using the transmission unit in which a charging cradle is installed. The headphones noise isolation helps to reduce outside sounds and allows you to focus intently on what your listening to.

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Klarstein Security Hand Held Metal Detector $31.9 The Klarstein metal detector is a cheap and reliable security solution for guarding and security services, doormen and related professions. The instrument sensitivity is adjustable and upon discovery the detector signals acoustically and visually, and the audible signal can be turned off when disturbance need to be kept to a minimum. The efficient low power design allows for long periods of use and the ergonomic design and low weight allow anyone comfortable usage.

König Wireless USB Audio Transmitter - Computer to Hifi Stereo $74.9 The König VID-TRANS230KN is a wireless audio transmitter that sends an audio signal via USB from a computer to a stereo system. T he device operates on the 2.4 GHz frequency range, automatically selecting from one of 8 available frequencies to avoid interference from baby monitors. Perfect for laptop users the device effectively prevents the clutter of cables lying around and lets you listen to music from your computer through your stereo. The USB transmitter is plug and play compatible with Windows PCs and MACs

Auna AV2-H388 Surround Sound Receiver Amplifier HDMI 1200W $149.9 The Auna AV2-H338 is an excellent surround receiver with a wide range of connection options and great sound. A great highlight of the amplifier is its connectivity with HD devices with three HDMI inputs and one HDMI output. Via these in/outputs the Auna AV2-H338 can be connected to games consoles, Blu-Ray players, LCD televisions and HD projectors. There's plenty of room for your HD devices thanks to the three inputs - so need to be constantly unplugging and reconnecting. Please note that the HDMI inputs only serve to connect the signal through the HDMI output. A direct reproduction of an HDMI audio signal via the amplifier is not possible. Two line inputs allow for connection of standard HiFi equipment such as CD players and cassette decks. The Auna AV2-H338 also features two front microphone inputs, making it perfect for use at small events, family gatherings or karaoke parties. The surround receiver also comes with an integrated radio receiver with 40 station presets. The stereo amplifier delivers 1200W output - perfect for providing a great sound in any home. The Auna AV2-H338 features a dynamic, detailed sound with perfectly matched bass, mids and treble. The system features a notable elegant design with a subtle control panel and brushed stainless steel front.

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DJ-Tech X10 2-Channel DJ Mixer USB PC Mac Deckadance $309.9 The new DJ-Tech X10 is an analogue mixer that is perfectly compatible with the digital world. Designed as a 2-channel mixer, it provides a user-friendly interface, and within its compact metal casing it houses a USB 2.0 audio interface and two USB 2.0 inputs. With these inputs, you can connect up to two MIDI controllers, and hook up to your computer through a single cable using the audio interface. This is especially handy for laptop users as it frees up one of the USB inputs. The setup itself is really simple. Just connect the X10 over USB with your computer, choose the X10 as an audio interface with your DJ software, switch the mixer channel to use the USB signal source, and away you go! You can choose between three audio sources per stereo input channel: phono/line input with separate ground connection and optional phono preamp; CD line input and the built-in USB 2.0 audio interface channel. The gain controller and the equalizer form the mixer's core. Aside from modulating the audio signal, the gain control offers the option to close the channel completely. The equalizer features a wide control range between -26dB and +12dB. All of the X10's controls have a handy, textured surface and provide easy handling, even over long mixing sessions. The controls are also all individually mounted and have metal shafts. The channel and cross faders are fitted with VCA (voltage controlled amplifier) technology. This means that the faders no longer directly affect the signal path resistance, but rather control a decoupled voltage regulator, which in turn has an impact on the channel volume and cross fader. Wear or damage to the faders will therefore have no influence on the music signal. Top-quality Alpha components are used for the cross and channel faders. On the X10, curve control for both channel and cross faders have been added to provide the best handling possible. Now, you can adjust the fader curve to suit your needs exactly, allowing you to get used to the feel of the device very quickly. As an added bonus, the X10 includes fader reverse switches so you can quickly reverse the faders and easily make fader/cross fader starts. The X10's monitor section provides you with everything you could need. The level meter is switchable between master channels one and two. The 3.5mm and 6.3mm headphone output jack is easily accessible and boasts continuous cue/main fading, and can be switched to split cue. For DJ monitoring, the X10 offers a separately adjustable booth output. The main-out also has balance control, performed unbalanced over RCA and balanced over the 6.3mm jack. This allows the X10 to be easily connected with PA systems, monitors and any form of home system.

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WeSC Alp Horn HiFi Portable Stereo Headphones - Black $49.9 The WeSC Alp Horn Black are high-quality headphones with a retro look. Despite the angular design, the headphones are the utmost in comfort, with excellent padding for a pleasant feel. The lightweight design and supple ear padding provide long periods of comfortable use. The WeSC Alp Horn HiFi Headphones come with a 0.5 meter cable and a 1m extension cable, offering a convenient connection to all popular audio players, without restricting movement. The 40mm drivers provide a punchy bass sound, and noise isolation to suppress unwanted background noise. The gold-plated connectors guarantee a distortion-free signal.

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Auna TTS-C18 USB Cassette Tape Player for MP3 recording $54.9 The Auna TTS-C18 is a clever cassette player that is specialized in MP3 cassette recording. To achieve this, the Auna device provides a USB port to connect directly with a computer. The included Audacity software helps to control recordings and to further revise tracks to your liking. The smooth running tape drive of the USB cassette deck guarantees a high quality and consistent recording quality. There is also an option to pass a music signal from an external audio source - such as a CD player - via the AUX input for MP3 recording to your computer. In addition to these functions, the Auna TTS can also be used as a conventional USB stereo thanks to the built in C18 stereo speakers.

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Chord 173.291 Active DI Direct Injection Box $29.9 The Chord 173.291 is anactive direct box, used to mediate between your instruments and PA or studiomixer. The DI box balances the input signal and ground loop to provide a problem-freetransmission, even over a long distance. Thanks to a 3-stage input,the Chord 173.291 is ideal for use with all amps and mixers, and ensures a puresound even with very long cable lengths. A 6.3mm jack output is included for monitoring purposes. The Chord 173.291 can be powered using regular electrical outlets, phantompower from the mixer, or by a 9V battery. The sturdy steel housing protects the DI box from the rigors of life on theroad.

Treefrog BX10DW Double 10 Car Subwoofer Box 1200W Green $139.9 The Treefrog BX10DW is a car subwoofer system with a product design imitative of the red eyed tree frog (Agalychnis callidryas) species: Red eyed tree frogs are nocturnal and spend the day in the trees where they sleep on the underside of large leaves. In the evening they become active and go out to hunt or to mate, with the males making a sharp, repeated "chack-chack" sound to attract the female. As opposed to this mating call, the frogs will also produce a laugh or hum sounding noise to scare off potential rivals. To communicate with other males the frog will produce body vibrations to shake the leaves. These 'tremulations' are an aggressive signal to ward off other males from their mating ground. The Treefrog BX10DW features a powerful 1200W output and, not one, but two subwoofers. A computer-optimised, low-vibration, bass reflex enclosure ensures you get the best sound from your system.

Treefrog BX08DW Double 8 Car Subwoofer Box 800W Green $114.9 The Treefrog BX08DW is a car subwoofer system with a product design imitative of the red eyed tree frog (Agalychnis callidryas) species: Red eyed tree frogs are nocturnal and spend the day in the trees where they sleep on the underside of large leaves. In the evening they become active and go out to hunt or to mate, with the males making a sharp, repeated "chack-chack" sound to attract the female. As opposed to this mating call, the frogs will also produce a laugh or hum sounding noise to scare off potential rivals. To communicate with other males the frog will produce body vibrations to shake the leaves. These 'tremulations' are an aggressive signal to ward off other males from their mating ground. The Treefrog BX08DW features a powerful 800W output and, not one, but two subwoofers. A computer-optimised, low-vibration, bass reflex enclosure ensures you get the best sound from your system.